Every calculator shows the formula it used.

300+ free calculators for trades, farms, workshops and networks. Enter your numbers, read the equation, see what it leaves out.

Browse all calculators Read the written guides

About this site

Byte Pad is a collection of 300+ free online calculators for work and everyday tasks. Every page shows the formula it uses in plain language, so you can check the result yourself. If something looks wrong, tell us on the contact page and we will fix it.

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Packet Loss CalculatorMeasure what a lossy link does to voice and video quality. Network Subnet CalculatorSplit a block into subnets and see the usable host ranges. Hex to Decimal CalculatorConvert between hex, decimal and binary with the working shown. Molar Mass CalculatorSum atomic weights into the mass of one mole of any compound. pH CalculatorTurn concentration into pH, or pH back into concentration. Specific Heat CalculatorWork out the energy needed to change a material’s temperature. Roofing CalculatorEstimate squares, bundles and waste for a re-roofing job. Pipe Sizing CalculatorMatch pipe diameter to flow rate and acceptable head loss. Outlet Placement CalculatorPlan outlet spacing to code for a room layout. Lawn Area CalculatorMeasure an irregular lawn and size fertilizer or seed orders. Greenhouse Area CalculatorWork out bench space, walkways and total floor area. Towing Capacity CalculatorCheck trailer weight against vehicle ratings before you hitch up. Trip Distance CalculatorAdd legs, breaks and fuel stops into a realistic journey time. Unit Conversion CalculatorConvert length, mass, volume and temperature in one place. Slope CalculatorGet grade, angle and rise over run from two points. Hyperfocal Distance CalculatorSet the focus distance that keeps everything from here to infinity sharp. Crop Factor CalculatorSee the real field of view of a lens on a cropped sensor. Luggage Weight Allowance CalculatorSplit an airline allowance across bags before the check-in counter.

Browse by category

Each category page lists every calculator it holds.

What is on every page

Pick the calculator

One page answers one question, such as how many bags a slab takes or what a subnet mask leaves usable. No page tries to cover a whole subject.

Read the formula

Each tool carries its equation and its units next to the input fields, so you can see which line produced your number and check it by hand.

Check the caveats

The same page lists the cases the formula does not handle, in plain language, before you take the figure anywhere.

Report a wrong result

If a number disagrees with your own working, send the inputs and the expected figure. A page that is wrong gets corrected rather than defended.

Written guides

Longer explanations for the calculations people ask about most.

What this site is, and what it is not

Byte Pad publishes arithmetic tools. Every figure they return is an estimate worked out from the numbers you type in. We do not check your inputs, and the reference rates and thresholds printed on a page can go stale or differ by region.

This is not a medical, legal, tax or investment advisory service, and no page here is written to be one. Nothing on the site creates a professional relationship of any kind. If a decision carries money, health, structural or safety consequences, take the figure to somebody qualified who knows your situation. The full wording sits in the disclaimer, alongside the privacy policy and the terms of service.

Report a correction Include the tool name, the values you entered and the result you expected.

Common questions

Do I need an account?

No. Every calculator runs in the browser and returns a figure straight away. There is nothing to sign up for, nothing to install and nothing behind a paywall.

Where do the formulas come from?

Most are arithmetic or long standing conventions in a trade, such as unit conversion, area and volume, yield percentages or cost per unit. Where a formula comes from a published code or standard, the page names it. Where it is simply arithmetic, the page says that too, because a conversion factor is not a citation.

Can I rely on a result for a real decision?

Treat every output as a working estimate. It depends entirely on the numbers you enter. For anything with legal, medical, tax, structural or safety consequences, take the arithmetic to a qualified professional instead of acting on it directly.

What if a calculator returns a wrong number?

Use the contact page and include the tool name, the values you entered and the result you expected. Corrections go onto the live page.